Compare Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2005) - Jan Mayen (2004)

Compare Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2005) z Jan Mayen (2004)

	Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2005)	Jan Mayen (2004)

Airports	-	1 (2003 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways	-	total: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Area	total: 5 sq km land: 5 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Ashmore Reef (West, Middle, and East Islets) and Cartier Island	total: 373 sq km land: 373 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	about eight times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC	slightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC
Background	These uninhabited islands came under Australian authority in 1931; formal administration began two years later. Ashmore Reef supports a rich and diverse avian and marine habitat; in 1983, it became a National Nature Reserve. Cartier Island, a former bombing range, is now a marine reserve.	This desolate, mountainous island was named after a Dutch whaling captain who indisputably discovered it in 1614 (earlier claims are inconclusive). Visited only occasionally by seal hunters and trappers over the following centuries, the island came under Norwegian sovereignty in 1929. The long dormant Haakon VII Toppen/Beerenberg volcano resumed activity in 1970; it is the northernmost active volcano on earth.
Climate	tropical	arctic maritime with frequent storms and persistent fog
Coastline	74.1 km	124.1 km
Country name	conventional long form: Territory of Ashmore and Cartier Islands conventional short form: Ashmore and Cartier Islands	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Jan Mayen
Dependency status	territory of Australia; administered by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services	territory of Norway; since August 1994, administered from Oslo through the county governor (fylkesmann) of Nordland; however, authority has been delegated to a station commander of the Norwegian Defense Communication Service
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (territory of Australia)	-
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (territory of Australia)	-
Disputes - international	Indonesian groups challenge Australia's claim to Ashmore Reef; Australia closed the surrounding waters to Indonesian traditional fishing and created a national park in the region while continuing to prospect for hydrocarbons in the vicinity	none
Economy - overview	no economic activity	Jan Mayen is a volcanic island with no exploitable natural resources. Economic activity is limited to providing services for employees of Norway's radio and meteorological stations on the island.
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location 3 m	lowest point: Norwegian Sea 0 m highest point: Haakon VII Toppen/Beerenberg 2,277 m
Environment - current issues	NA	NA
Flag description	the flag of Australia is used	the flag of Norway is used
Geographic coordinates	12 14 S, 123 05 E	71 00 N, 8 00 W
Geography - note	Ashmore Reef National Nature Reserve established in August 1983	barren volcanic island with some moss and grass
Irrigated land	0 sq km (1998 est.)	0 sq km (1998 est.)
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (all grass and sand) (2001)	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2001)
Legal system	the laws of the Commonwealth of Australia and the laws of the Northern Territory of Australia, where applicable, apply	the laws of Norway, where applicable, apply
Location	Southeastern Asia, islands in the Indian Ocean, midway between northwestern Australia and Timor island	Northern Europe, island between the Greenland Sea and the Norwegian Sea, northeast of Iceland
Map references	Southeast Asia	Arctic Region
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 12 nm continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm	territorial sea: 4 nm contiguous zone: 10 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of Australia; periodic visits by the Royal Australian Navy and Royal Australian Air Force	defense is the responsibility of Norway
Natural hazards	surrounded by shoals and reefs that can pose maritime hazards	dominated by the volcano Haakon VII Toppen/Beerenberg; volcanic activity resumed in 1970
Natural resources	fish	none
People - note	the landing of illegal immigrants from Indonesia's Rote Island has become an ongoing problem	-
Population	no indigenous inhabitants note: Indonesian fishermen are allowed access to the lagoon and fresh water at Ashmore Reef's West Island (July 2005 est.)	no indigenous inhabitants note: personnel operate the Long Range Navigation (Loran-C) base and the weather and coastal services radio station (July 2004 est.)
Ports and harbors	none; offshore anchorage only	none; offshore anchorage only
Radio broadcast stations	-	AM NA, FM NA, shortwave NA note: there is one radio and meteorological station (1998)
Terrain	low with sand and coral	volcanic island, partly covered by glaciers

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